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Dinosaur Name: Acrocanthosaurus atokensis
Period: Cretaceous Early Aptian Albian
Classification: Saurischia Theropoda Tetanurae Carnosauria Carcharodontosauridae
Diet: Carnivore
Fossil Site: Antlers Formation, Oklahoma, Antlers Formation, Paluxy River Formation, Twin Mountains Formation, Texas, Middle Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, US

Here is what I felt a young Male Acro might look like. I was inspired by both reptilian and avian influences out there. I know there is also some debate as to the true classification of this guy. Was he a Carcharodontosaur, Allosaur, or even a Spinosaur due to the elongated "ridge" (for lack of a better term) on top of the vertebrae ? I hope to do a full body of this guy as soon as I get a bit more feedback!

I also have some questions concerning our large toothy meat eating dinosaurs, for all you paleo-geeks out there lol.

1. What determines the size and shape of bony crests?
2. How do we know where ears, eyes and noses go?
3. Did all meat eaters have binocular vision, or were some monocular? How does this affect eye placement ?

- I'll have more later lol.. im sure of it!

If you did not read my journal, I'm doing all of this artwork for my adaptation of Robbert Bakker's, Raptor Red. I need honest critique, and I will tell you I'm not a Paleo-Artist, however I still love and appreciate dinosaurs. I just can't draw them! So please be critical with your critiques tell me why...so I know where you are coming from.

I do plan to do a colored version.. of course hopefully sooner rather then later. However I would like to get a good range of opinions before I move forward.

Please feel free to critique to the n'th degree, and also if you have any input as to what you would like to see done or changed, that is great customer feed back for me!

Now the legal stuff:
All Images are copyright protected material belonging to me, Michelle McIntyre, and my business, Total Eclipse Studios.

This piece can not be duplicated, manipulated, and or used in any fashion. This includes but is not limited to print media such as magazines, cd covers, and other tangible media. Web created media such as backgrounds, graphics, or advertising is also not allowed.

If you wish to use this piece of art, I will grant use in writting, failing to contact me prior to use will resort in me taking legal action to the fullest extent...my art is my bread and butter!

If you see my art being used other than this site or my website, please report it immediately - Help stop art theft!

Thank you!

Comments


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:iconahrkeath:
I think for now he's classified as a Carcharodontosaurid; and I' do my best to answer all your questions, as theropods are my favorites. ^^

1. Crest shape and size is largely determined by the shape and texture of the underlying bone. Bone with a pitted, rough-looking texture and lots of openings for blood vessels are thought to have large, elaborate crests or thick layers of keratin (see Majungasaurus' skull or a triceratops frill). Small, smooth ridges would only have a thin layer of keratin (no brow horns for velociraptors, which do have short crests just before their eyes).

2. Mostly, ear, eye, and nostril location is inferred from living animals. Most animals have the nostrils located as close to the front of the snout as possible; this is close to the front edge of the nostril hole in dinosaurs. As far as eyes, they're usually near the top of the orbit, but not at. Ears are located near the lower back edge of the skull; they should never be placed in the hole (fenestra) just behind the eye socket. A jaw muscle runs behind the ear; the ear shouldn't look like it's on part of the neck (I've read that birds are a far better example in this area than crocodilians).

3. Not all theropods had binocular vision; some may have had it to some extent, bu their fossils do not reveal this. The best examples of dinosaurs with binocular vision are tyrannosaurids and dromaeosaurs (an episode of the sci-fi show Primeval got this wrong when they had raptors tilting their heads to the side so they could see forward-bad!). A raptor would probably look at you like a hawk.

As for the Acro, I'd make his eye a bit smaller and change the shape of the pupil. The ear should be a nice oval shape, and the nostril could be a bit bigger. The openings in the skull should bulge outwards just a fraction; they house muscles and other connective tissues.

Hope I helped a little! ^^;

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:icon00-raptorred-00:
Aahhh my brain has learned something today.*scarfs down more coffee*

Ok so on the whole ear thing, I will attempt to find photos of bird ears lol...I know I have an owl reference, but the jaw ear thing still perplexes me a bit, I guess I am so used to drawing horses and dogs, I'm stuck on wanting to draw jaw muscles that are similar in that range. I guess I have to read up more on how they actually moved their mouths and bit down. But I'm still anxious about drawing "hinged" mouths, lol, tell me that hole that appears in the lower back portion of the mandible - does the muscle structure run back through the mouth into the head versus over and around to the back of the skull? Maybe I do need a reference lol..
:iconpatriatyrannus:
Appears that Ahrkeath there covered everything I wanted to point out, and even more, I too learned something new ;)
I just stay here and wait for more works.
:iconahrkeath:
I'm actually working on an easy-to-understand reference sheet for you and anyone else who wants to know how dinosaur reconstruction works; hopefully it will help you! ^^;

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:iconahrkeath:
Thank you for saying that! I'm glad you think I know my dinosaurs! ^^

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:iconalexandernevsky:
I'd echo the other points made here, but also I think the top of the neck may be a bit too low against the back of the head, although I'm no expert. It's a cool drawing though!
:icon00-raptorred-00:
Yes It surely will, I love seeing muscle schemes and such because I have a strong anatomy knowledge of horses so I can look at those and see possible movement and shape, but its those finer things like ears/eyes/noses I'm un sure, and of course proportions! lol.. dang those funky looking fore arms! grr... I tried to draw this guy full body the other day..and well no... no... that tall back is messing with me.. plus my arms looked like they were useless dangling objects with claws! lol.
:iconahrkeath:
Lol, well. I'd started on it, only to start doubting my muscle reconstructions, so I need to re-do it, in a more organized fashion. It shouldn't be too much longer though... ^^;

One question though-what are you doing about the copyrights on Raptor Red? If you don't get that out of the way, this project may never happen... o-o;;;

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